Research

Under Review

Ayala, N. T., Smith, A. M., Ying, R. C., Wells, G. L., & Sommervold, N. An evidence-based imperative to videorecord eyewitness lineups [Manuscript Under Review].

Eisen, M. L., & Ying, R. C. When high confidence implies high accuracy: Lessons learned from a decade of field-simulation studies examining witness performance under real-world conditions. [Manuscript Under Review].

Neal, T. M. S., Ying, R. C., Irvin-Vitela, M., Branch, R., Sickels, M., & Martire, K. Assessment practices and expert judgment methods by Australian psychologists in forensic cases. [Manuscript Under Review].

Smith, A. M., Lampinen, J. M., Ying, R. C., Ayala, N. T., & Dobbins, I. G. The rejection-inferiority effect: Why are eyewitness lineups more effective at demonstrating guilt than innocence? [Manuscript Under Review].

Yuen, C. N., Bernstein, D. M., Smith, A. M., Ying, R. C., & Fitzgerald, R. J. Face matching lineups: A method to control mistaken identifications in video evidence [Manuscript Under Review].

Ying, R. C., Smith, A. M., & Ayala, N. T. Toward the systematic assessment of eyewitness identification accuracy [Manuscript Under Review].

2025

Eisen, M. L., Ying, R. C., Olmos, K., Edwards, J., Arbonies, M., & Jeremiah, J. (In Press). Testing a new procedure to administer lineups to witnesses in the field to eliminate law enforcement’s reliance on the use of highly suggestive showups. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law.

Ying, R. C., & Smith, A. M. (2025). Perceptions of task fluency mislead judgments of eyewitness identification accuracy. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 14(3), 381–391. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000212

2024

Smith, A. M., Ayala, N. T., & Ying, R. C. (2024). Using artificial intelligence to assess eyewitness identification accuracy. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 13(4), 500–504. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000206

Smith, A. M., Ying, R. C., Goldstein, A. R., & Fitzgerald, R. J. (2024). Absolute-judgment models better predict eyewitness decision-making than do relative-judgment models. Cognition, 251, 105877 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105877

Eisen, M. L., Olaguez, A., Ying, R. C., Cedre, G., Cunius, M. K., & Dianet, A. (2024). The biasing nature of gang evidence: Inducing memory errors for evidence of past criminal behavior. Psychology, Crime, and Law. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2024.2356790

2023

Smith, A. M., Ying, R. C., Ayala, N. T., & Goldstein, A. R. (2023). The untapped potential of lineups: Using eyewitness memory to rule out innocent suspects. Psychology, Crime, and Law, 30(10), 1580-1590. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2023.2242998

Ying, R. C., Smith, A. M., & Wells, G. L. (2023). Lay (mis)perceptions of suspect-identification accuracy from biased and unbiased lineups. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 29(3), 288–301. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000392

Smith, A. M., Ayala, N. T., & Ying, R. C. (2023). The rule out procedure: A signal-detection-informed approach to the collection of eyewitness identification evidence. Psychology, Public Policy, & Law, 29(1), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.1037/law0000373

2022

Eisen, M. L., Williams, T. Q., Jones, J., & Ying, R. C. (2022). Variations in the encoding conditions can affect eyewitnesses’ vulnerability to suggestive influence. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 36(6), 1188-1199. http://doi.org/10.1002/acp.4000

Eisen, M. L., Ying, R. C., Chui, C., & Swaby, M. (2022). Comparing witness performance in the field versus the lab: How real-world conditions affect eyewitness decision-making. Law and Human Behavior, 46(3), 175-188. http://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000485

Ayala, N. T., Smith, A., & Ying, R. C. (2022). The rule-out procedure: Increasing the potential for police investigators to detect suspect innocence from eyewitness lineup procedures. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 11(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1037/mac0000018

Eisen, M. L., Jones, J. M., Ying, R. C., Williams, T. Q., & Ristrom, L. (2022). Misidentifying an innocent suspect can alter witness recollections of the perpetrator’s face, 29(7), 740-767. Psychology, Crime, and Law https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2022.2032055

2017

Eisen, M. L., Gabbert, F., Ying, R., & Williams, J. (2017). “I think he had a tattoo on his neck”: How co-witness discussions about a perpetrator's description can affect eyewitness identification decisions. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(3), 274–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2017.01.009